Centimetre-scale variability of redox-sensitive elements in Tremadocian black shales from the eastern Baltic Palaeobasin

Abstract

The high-resolution study of vertical geochemical variability of shallow-water Tremadocian black shales of the Turisalu Formation targeted two drill core sections from Suur-Pakri Island, NW Estonia. Altogether 374 samples from 4.6 m thick shale were analysed by XRF. The metalliferous and organic-rich black shales revealed significant centimetre-scale variation in the concentration of redox-sensitive trace metals - U, Mo and V. The V profiles show cyclic variations in half a metre- to metre-scale and the strongest correlation with loss on ignition (LOI) 500 °C (interpreted to reflect organic matter abundance). The abundance of Mo presents high values near the lower and upper contacts of black shale and otherwise moderate covariance with LOI. The distribution of U is not coupled with LOI, being characterized by irregular local enrichment anomalies in the profiles of both sections. This suggests that sequestration of U may have been time-dependent and possibly favoured by dissimilatory U-reduction at the sediment-water interface under iron-reducing conditions. Significant depositional variability of the studied organic-rich muds apparently supported dynamic physicochemical and biological microenvironments at the sediment-water interface and thus temporally and spatially diversified the paths and efficiency of synsedimentary redox-sensitive trace element enrichment.