Abstract
This study examines the difference of the center of gravity (CG) velocity during sit-to-stand (STS) movement between the elderly with and without fall experience. Fifteen elderly without fall experience (age: 75.7 ± 4.8 yr), with one fall experience (age: 75.7 ± 5.0 yr), and two or more fall experiences (age: 75.7 ± 4.8 yr) participated in the measurement of 10m maximal walking speed, functional reach, one-legged standing duration with vision, maximal isometric knee extension, hip flexion, ankle extension and toe flexion muscle strengths, fall risk assessment and ADL questionnaire, and CG velocity during STS movement. No significant differences were found in muscle strength, walking and balance tests (F 0.078). The group with two or more fall experiences was significantly higher than the other groups in the fall risk assessment, and lower than the group without fall experience in ADL (F = 8.5 and 6.1, p = 0.001 and 0.005). Meanwhile, significant differences were found in the maximal and mean CG velocity during STS movement among all groups. The group without fall experience was the greatest, and the group with fall experience was less than half (F = 9.0 and 11.1, p = 0.001 and
Highlights
Fall incidence rate in the elderly is approximately 30% in developed nations [1,2]
Falls markedly decrease the degree of independence because they cause fractures and post-fall syndrome; they are a major cause of the elderly becoming bedridden and requiring nursing care
This study examined the velocity at which the center of gravity is transferred during STS movement in the elderly with and without fall experience
Summary
Fall incidence rate in the elderly is approximately 30% in developed nations [1,2]. Approximately 20% elderly Japanese experience at least one fall annually [3,4,5,6,7]. Falls markedly decrease the degree of independence because they cause fractures and post-fall syndrome; they are a major cause of the elderly becoming bedridden and requiring nursing care. 10% elderly fall and experience fractures [8], increasing hospitalization and mortality rates in the elderly because of post-fall syndrome [9,10]. This trend is significant in elderly aged ≥85 years [11]. Because the elderly population is predicted to increase, the number of falls and serious fall injuries will probably increase; the number of elderly requiring nursing care or becoming bedridden will increase. Fall prevention measures are important for maintaining and enhancing the quality of life and for preventing the requirement for nursing care or becoming bedridden because of post-fall syndrome
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