Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty Over the Past Decade: Excellent Survivorship in Contemporary Designs

Abstract

BackgroundCementless fixation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is re-emerging due to improvements in biomaterials, surgical technique, and implant design. Albeit rare, failure of osseointegration typically occurs within the first 2 years, and limited data exist on survivorship of the modern cementless TKA designs. This study evaluated clinical survivorship of 2 contemporary cementless TKA designs at minimum 2-year follow-up. MethodsA total of 627 cementless TKAs were performed up to July 2022. Three hundred thirty-nine cases were eligible for 2-year follow-up. Indications centered around bone quality and involved predominantly younger patients. The 2 designs consisted of tibial components with a highly porous titanium ingrowth surface, a central keel, and peripheral cruciform pegs with a porous cobalt-chromium femur. Survivorship estimates were calculated using right-censored non-parametric Kaplan–Meier methodologies. A total of 226 TKAs obtained minimum 2-year follow-up with a mean of 3.6 years (range, 2 to 10). ResultsThe all-cause revision rate was 2.4% (8 of 339). The revision rate due to aseptic loosening was 0.6% (2 of 339) consisting of 2 femoral components. No tibial components were revised for aseptic loosening. Kaplan–Meier survivorship free from aseptic loosening was 99% (95% confidence interval 98 to 100) at a maximum of 10 years. ConclusionThese results demonstrate encouraging survivorship of cementless fixation in primary TKA with use of contemporary ingrowth biomaterials and modern implant designs. This particular tibial implant design with a highly porous titanium fixation surface, central keel, and peripheral cruciform pegs demonstrated excellent clinical survivorship without failure which may portend superior fixation. Level of EvidenceIV–case series, no control group/historical control group.