Abstract
The wastewater containing layered oil, dispersed oil droplets, and water-soluble organic dyes has caused severe contamination to the ecological environment, which has received extensive concern. Herein, a kind of inexpensive and multifunctional superwetting cellulose/polyurethane foam (CL/PUF) composite was fabricated. The micron-sized CL powder (4 wt. %) dissolved in NaOH/thiourea/urea mixture was regenerated and filled in PUF pores, and the regenerated CL was further crosslinked by citric acid (4 wt. %). The composite material shows good underwater superoleophobic/superhydrophilic (U-SO/SH) property, excellent anti-corrosion ability, and satisfactory mechanical stability against at least 320 cycles of squeezing. The decorated PUF composite is capable of achieving high efficiencies (>98.1. %) of water/oil separation. The composite can also be designed into a device for continuous removal to extremely harsh solutions in oil. Furthermore, the decorated PUFs are able to separate surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions (efficiencies: >98.9 %). More importantly, the as-prepared PUF can separate water-soluble organic dyes, and the adsorption efficiency are greater than 94.2 %, which is far greater than that (>8.8 %) of original PUF. The fabricated multifunctional composite is expected to possess wide prospect in actual oily wastewater treatment and water-soluble organic dyes separation.
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