Abstract
This study investigates the removal of Pb(II) using polymer matrix membranes, cellulose acetate/vinyl triethoxysilane modified graphene oxide and gum Arabic (GuA) membranes. These complexation-NF membranes were successfully synthesized via dissolution casting method for better transport phenomenon. The varied concentrations of GuA were induced in the polymer matrix membrane. The prepared membranes M-GuA2–M-GuA10 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscope and bio-fouling studies. Thermal stability of the membranes was determined by thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen atmosphere. Dead end nanofiltration was carried out to study the perm- selectivity of all the membranes under varied pressure and concentration of Pb(NO3)2. The complexation-NF membrane performances were significantly improved after the addition of GuA in the polymer matrix membrane system. M-GuA8 membrane showed optimum result of permeation flux 8.6 l m−2 h−1. Rejection of Pb(II) ions was observed to be around 97.6% at pH 9 for all the membranes due to electrostatic interaction between CA and Gum Arabic. Moreover, with the passage of time, the rate of adsorption was also increased up to 15.7 mg g−1 until steady state was attained. Gum Arabic modified CA membranes can open up new possibilities in enhancing the permeability, hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties.
Highlights
Environmental pollution in water has become real human health issue, due to hasty development of industrialization and urbanization[1]
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to confirm the interaction between cellulose acetate (CA), graphene oxide (GO) and gum Arabic (GuA)
CA based membranes modified with vinyl triethoxysilane (VTES)-GO/GuA as a filler enhanced the properties of permeation flux and Pb(II) ion rejection
Summary
Environmental pollution in water has become real human health issue, due to hasty development of industrialization and urbanization[1]. Modification of bio-polymer (CA) with VTES-GO showed good adsorption capability to reject the ions of heavy metal from industrial wastewater for better permeability flux and selectivity[44,47]. Dead end filtration system (Sterlitech HP4750 Stirred Cell made of steel 316) was used for control and modified M-GuA0–M-GuA10 membrane for permeation flux and rejection of lead salt (PbNO3)[2] on laboratory scale.
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