Cellulase and Xylanase production by Ganoderma lucidum in solid-state fermentation using amazonian lignocellulosic wastes

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is a basidiomycete whose production is of great interest due to its medicinal properties, and analyzing the potential of Amazonian lignocellulosic residues in the cultivation of G. lucidum is a way to enable the use of this material in mushroom cultivation and the production of biomolecules, including enzymes of commercial interest. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of cellulases and xylanases produced by G. lucidum when cultivated in açaí seed (Euterpe sp.) residues and marupá (Simarouba amara) sawdust under supplemented and non-supplemented conditions. Solid-state cultivation was carried out in 250 mL flasks containing 50 g of lignocellulosic residues, plus 2% of CaCO3, under supplemented (18% of rice, wheat and corn bran) and non-supplemented conditions. The flasks were incubated in a BOD incubator at 25 ºC. Enzyme extraction was performed from the fungus growth substrate over 30 days of cultivation, with collections every two days. The enzymatic extracts had their endoglucanase (CMCase), total cellulase (FPase) and xylanase activities determined. The highest enzymatic activity of CMCase and xylanase were 5.97 U/g and 1.90 U/g, respectively, on the 26th day of cultivation in the supplemented marupá sawdust substrate. While the maximum FPase content was 0.24 U/g, which was observed in the 8th day for the supplemented açaí substrate. Thus, the tested residues proved to be promising for the mycelial development of G. lucidum, with the supplementation with corn, rice and wheat bran being favorable to the production of enzymes with biotechnological interest.