Abstract
The fungal population in soil amended with 2.5, 5 and 10% sodium chloride, sodium chloride with either 5% organic matter or 1% Ca-superphosphate and incubated at C was studied after 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Sixty-six species and 5 varieties belonging to 35 genera were isolated from the treated and untreated soils on glucose-, cellulose- and 10% NaCI-CZAPEK'S agar at 25 or 45 C. The total propagules, total counts of Aspergillus and counts 6f several species were significantly promoted with the low concentration of NaCl (2.5%) and decreased with the rise of NaCl levels. Also, the total counts of fungi were significantly flourished in soil amendment with sodium chloride when combined with organic matter or fertilizer after some storage periods. Several glucophilic, cellulose-decomposing, xerophilic and thermophilic fungi were found to tolerate the previous conditions. The cellulolytic activities of most isolates tested were inhibited either by sodium chloride or combined with superphosphate and organic matter. The abundance and physiological activity of filamentous fungi in soil vary directly with the content of utilizable organic matters. Whether a given microorganism will be able to survive, adapt itself and become established in a specific habitat will be determined by the surrounding environment. The major external influences imposed on the fungus community include the organic matter status, hydrogen ion concentration, organic and inorganic fertilizers, the moisture regime, aeration, temperature, position in the profile, season of year, and composition of the vegetation. The incorporation of crop residues, green manures or inorganic fertilizers may modify the abundance of filamentous fungi, due to those substances play the greatest role of all factors affecting soil fungi (ALEXANDER 1976). However, in the laboratory, the application of the different factors separately may explain the role imposed by each one upon the complex events which take place among the tiny
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