Cellular phenotype transdifferentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into endothelial cells

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To investigate the possibility of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) for wound healing by detecting cellular phenotype conversion of ADSCs into endothelial cells (ECs). ADSCs were isolated and cultured from adipose tissue derived from SD rats (n = 8), and maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) in vitro. The marker antigen of P3 ADSCs was detected by analysis CD49d and CD106 antigens expression using flow cytometry, and the multipotential differentiation of P3 ADSCs were identified by specific medium inducing to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. And then, the ADSCs were cultured and induced for 3 days by condition culture medium (containing 30% superior of homogenating rat blood vessels in 10%FBS DMEM) as experimental group, and were cultured by 10% FBS DMEM as control group, and the expression of CD34 and von Willebrand factor (vWF) in ADSCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the expression of CD49d and CD106 in ADSCs were positive (98.32 ± 0.37)% and negative (1.67 ± 0.61)%, respectively. The multipotential differentiation experiment demonstrated that the cultured P3 ADSCs can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes in vitro. The positive rate of CD34 and vWF were (77.14 ± 0.76)% and (75.46 ± 0.37)% in condition medium group, higher than (1.38 ± 0.31)% and (1.70 ± 0.23)% in 10% FBS DMEM control group, respectively (P < 0.01). The ADSCs can be induced to differentiated into ECs, suggesting that ADSCs have potential to take part in wound repair and angiogenesis.