Abstract
Cellular Microenvironment in Human Pathologies
Highlights
It is well established that the cellular microenvironment dramatically influences cell behavior and is critical in many physiological functions, such as the differentiation niche of stem cells, or during development
From a mechanistic point of view, the extracellular matrix components can interact with cells in several ways, including the modulation of soluble factor diffusion, binding to their receptors, their subsequent activation, and regulation of signaling cascades
ECM turnover is fundamental in the physiological renewal of such components, and many degradative enzymes have a role in pathology
Summary
ECM turnover is fundamental in the physiological renewal of such components, and many degradative enzymes have a role in pathology. This extracellular matrix has been considered for decades as a mechanical scaffold where cells attach and reside, nowadays, it is known that such molecules modulate numerous cellular functions including survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. From a mechanistic point of view, the extracellular matrix components can interact with cells in several ways, including the modulation of soluble factor diffusion (i.e., growth factors, cytokines, morphogens, etc.), binding to their receptors, their subsequent activation, and regulation of signaling cascades.
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