Abstract
Pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis possess a ß-type carbonic anhydrase Nce103p, which is involved in CO2 hydration and signaling. C. albicans lacking Nce103p cannot survive in low CO2 concentrations, e.g., in atmospheric growth conditions. Candida carbonic anhydrases are orthologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae enzyme, which had originally been detected as a substrate of a non-classical export pathway. However, experimental evidence on localization of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis carbonic anhydrases has not been reported to date. Immunogold labeling and electron microscopy used in the present study showed that carbonic anhydrases are localized in the cell wall and plasmatic membrane of both Candida species. This localization was confirmed by Western blot and mass spectrometry analyses of isolated cell wall and plasma membrane fractions. Further analysis of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis subcellular fractions revealed presence of carbonic anhydrases also in the cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions of Candida cells cultivated in shaken liquid cultures, under the atmospheric conditions.
Highlights
The yeasts Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis can cause opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hosts whose immune defenses have been weakened
The polyclonal antibodies raised against recombinant CpNce103p were found to cross-react with recombinant CaNce103p (Dostál 2019, unpublished results) and were instrumental for the localization of Carbonic anhydrases (CA) in both yeast species studied using electron microscopy and immunogold labeling technique
Immunogold labeling detected populations of Nce103p molecules secreted from C. albicans or C. parapsilosis
Summary
The yeasts Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis can cause opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hosts whose immune defenses have been weakened. C. parapsilosis is less virulent than C. albicans, but it ranks as the second or third most frequent pathogenic Candida species in global epidemiological studies. It often causes infections in low-birth weight infants at neonatal intensive care units [1,2,3]. Both C. albicans and C. parapsilosis thrive under a wide range of conditions and can metabolically adapt to environmental changes. When C. albicans enters the bloodstream, the CO2 concentration increases up to 5%, and CA is transcriptionally downregulated [6,7]
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