Abstract
Patients with serious burns occasionally are inflicted with unusually severe herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Purified monocyte—macrophages (MP), lymphocytes (L), and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) from 11 patients with serious burns were studied for their ability to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and natural killer cytotoxicity (NKC) to HSV-infected target cells in an 18-hr chromium release assay. PMNL-ADCC of the burn patients (29.1 ± 4.1) was significantly higher ( P < 0.01) than control subjects (17.2 ± 2.6) in the acute phase immediately following the burn. The patients' MP-ADCC (12.3 ± 2.7) was significantly lower ( P < 0.01) than control subjects' MP-ADCC (32.8 ± 8.2) during the thrid week postburn. There were no significant differences in MP-NKC, L-NKC, and L-ADCC between patients and controls. High PMNL-ADCC was correlated with the high number of immature PMNL in the blood of patients during the acute phase following a serious burn. Low MP-ADCC was noted at the time when severe HSV infection tends to occur in these patients. This may help to explain the burn patient's susceptibility to unusually severe HSV illness.
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