Cellular and Serologic Profiling of Adults with Peanut Allergen Sensitization

Abstract

RationaleWe compared the expression of basophil and serologic measures in peanut-allergen (PA) sensitized adults with varying clinical manifestations.MethodsAdult subjects were evaluated by history, total IgE, peanut-specific IgE, IgE anti-Ara-h 1,2,3, and 8 (ISAC and ImmunoCAP), basophil spontaneous histamine release (SHR), PA-mediated basophil histamine release (BHR), and baseline basophil CD203c expression.ResultsAdults with confirmed peanut allergy (Group B, n=14) were compared to peanut-sensitized, but tolerant, adults(Group C, n=4). Peanut-specific IgE (median 15.2 vs. 1.03 kUa/L, p = 0.009) and specific to total IgE ratios (7.11% vs. 0.39%, p = 0.022) were increased in Group B compared to Group C, but not total IgE levels. Group B subjects demonstrated broader IgE reactivity to ∑Ara-h 1,2,3, and 8 by ISAC (28.11 ISU vs 0 ISU, p = 0.05) and ImmunoCAP (34.11 vs. 0.34 kUa/L, p = 0.019). Group B had markedly increased Arah-2 (15.4 vs. 0.055 kUa/L, p = 0.007) and similar Arah-h 8 ImmunoCAP reactivity (p=0.95). Basophil SHR was higher in Group B (6.3% v. 2.65%, p = 0.015), but not baseline surface CD203c expression. PA concentrations eliciting threshold and maximum BHR were several logs lower in Group B (p = <0.01).ConclusionsAdults with peanut allergy were found to have broader PA-specific IgE expression and heightened measures of basophil reactivity compared to subjects with asymptomatic sensitization. RationaleWe compared the expression of basophil and serologic measures in peanut-allergen (PA) sensitized adults with varying clinical manifestations. We compared the expression of basophil and serologic measures in peanut-allergen (PA) sensitized adults with varying clinical manifestations. MethodsAdult subjects were evaluated by history, total IgE, peanut-specific IgE, IgE anti-Ara-h 1,2,3, and 8 (ISAC and ImmunoCAP), basophil spontaneous histamine release (SHR), PA-mediated basophil histamine release (BHR), and baseline basophil CD203c expression. Adult subjects were evaluated by history, total IgE, peanut-specific IgE, IgE anti-Ara-h 1,2,3, and 8 (ISAC and ImmunoCAP), basophil spontaneous histamine release (SHR), PA-mediated basophil histamine release (BHR), and baseline basophil CD203c expression. ResultsAdults with confirmed peanut allergy (Group B, n=14) were compared to peanut-sensitized, but tolerant, adults(Group C, n=4). Peanut-specific IgE (median 15.2 vs. 1.03 kUa/L, p = 0.009) and specific to total IgE ratios (7.11% vs. 0.39%, p = 0.022) were increased in Group B compared to Group C, but not total IgE levels. Group B subjects demonstrated broader IgE reactivity to ∑Ara-h 1,2,3, and 8 by ISAC (28.11 ISU vs 0 ISU, p = 0.05) and ImmunoCAP (34.11 vs. 0.34 kUa/L, p = 0.019). Group B had markedly increased Arah-2 (15.4 vs. 0.055 kUa/L, p = 0.007) and similar Arah-h 8 ImmunoCAP reactivity (p=0.95). Basophil SHR was higher in Group B (6.3% v. 2.65%, p = 0.015), but not baseline surface CD203c expression. PA concentrations eliciting threshold and maximum BHR were several logs lower in Group B (p = <0.01). Adults with confirmed peanut allergy (Group B, n=14) were compared to peanut-sensitized, but tolerant, adults(Group C, n=4). Peanut-specific IgE (median 15.2 vs. 1.03 kUa/L, p = 0.009) and specific to total IgE ratios (7.11% vs. 0.39%, p = 0.022) were increased in Group B compared to Group C, but not total IgE levels. Group B subjects demonstrated broader IgE reactivity to ∑Ara-h 1,2,3, and 8 by ISAC (28.11 ISU vs 0 ISU, p = 0.05) and ImmunoCAP (34.11 vs. 0.34 kUa/L, p = 0.019). Group B had markedly increased Arah-2 (15.4 vs. 0.055 kUa/L, p = 0.007) and similar Arah-h 8 ImmunoCAP reactivity (p=0.95). Basophil SHR was higher in Group B (6.3% v. 2.65%, p = 0.015), but not baseline surface CD203c expression. PA concentrations eliciting threshold and maximum BHR were several logs lower in Group B (p = <0.01). ConclusionsAdults with peanut allergy were found to have broader PA-specific IgE expression and heightened measures of basophil reactivity compared to subjects with asymptomatic sensitization. Adults with peanut allergy were found to have broader PA-specific IgE expression and heightened measures of basophil reactivity compared to subjects with asymptomatic sensitization.