Cell-Cell Interaction Disorders Associated with Senescence Can Be Repaired

Abstract

This minireview summarizes the data concerning the possibility of compensating for one of the senescence disorders. In hepatocyte cultures of old rats, compared to young ones, the ultradian protein synthesis rhythms were reduced in amplitudes. Like other ultradian rhythms detected in vitro, protein synthesis rhythm is a marker of cell population synchronization through direct intercellular interactions. Amplitudes of the rhythm characterize the intensity of interactions. The interactions were enhanced after adding previously identified signaling factors of cell-cell communication to the culture medium: gangliosides, phenylephrine, melatonin, glutamic acid, and some regulatory peptides. The final three factors were also introduced in vivo. The effect lasted for 2–3 days. The addition of the blood serum of young rats to the culture medium increased the amplitudes of protein synthesis rhythm as well. The blood serum of old rats did not change the rhythm amplitudes. However, the blood serum of old rats enriched with gangliosides enhanced the amplitudes as effective as a young rat serum. These data, as well as some literature data, allow for recommending the use of signaling factors of cell-cell communication for improving the condition of elderly people.