Abstract
The review summarizes the results of modern research in the field of cell therapy for skin burns. The relevance of conducting these studies both in Russia and in the world is described. The methods of influence on the skin regeneration after burns in addition to cell therapy are indicated. A history reference on the development of cell therapy for burn skin lesions is given. The documents governing the conduct of cell therapy in Russia are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of cell technology using keratinocytes are described. The methods of cell therapy for skin burns using fibroblasts are analyzed. The role of three-dimensional tissue-engineered structures – scaffolds in the regeneration of the skin is described. Their classification is given by the duration of wound coverage (permanent, semi-permanent and temporary), by composition (cellular, acellular), by type of material (synthetic, biological, which are divided into allogeneic and autologous). The main representatives of each group that are used in research as therapy in the treatment of skin burns are described: Biobrane, Integra, Dermagraft, TransCyte, Hyalograft 3D, Laser skin epidermal replacement, TissueTech autograft system. The data on the experimental testing of each of the representatives are presented. The issue of improving vascularization of tissue-engineering structures using bioreactors was also raised. According to the results of the review, it was concluded that the use of three-dimensional structures in the treatment of burn skin lesions shows the greatest efficacy and safety among pronounced cell therapy options in clinical practice. At the same time, the existing drawbacks of the analyzed samples require further study and analysis.
Highlights
The review summarizes the results of modern research in the field of cell therapy for skin burns
The documents governing the conduct of cell therapy in Russia are presented
The main representatives of each group that are used in research as therapy in the treatment of skin burns
Summary
В обзоре обобщены результаты современных исследований в области клеточной терапии ожогов кожи. Обозначены методики воздействия на регенерацию кожи после ожогов помимо клеточной терапии. Дана историческая справка о развитии методов клеточной терапии ожоговых повреждений кожи. Проанализированы методы клеточной терапии ожогов кожи с применением фибробластов. Описана роль в регенерации кожи трехмерных тканеинженерных конструкций – скаффолдов. Описаны основные представители каждой группы, используемые в исследованиях в качестве терапии в лечении ожогов кожи: Biobrane, Integra, Dermagraft, TransCyte, Hyalograft 3D, эпидермальный заменитель Laser skin, система аутотрансплантата TissueTech. Также затронут вопрос улучшения васкуляризации тканеинженерных конструкций с применением биореакторов. По результатам обзора сделан вывод о том, что использование трехмерных конструкций в лечении ожоговых повреждений кожи показывает наибольшую среди проанализированных вариантов клеточной терапии эффективность и безопасность при применении в клинической практике.
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