Cell therapy in treatment of skin burns

Abstract

The review summarizes the results of modern research in the field of cell therapy for skin burns. The relevance of conducting these studies both in Russia and in the world is described. The methods of influence on the skin regeneration after burns in addition to cell therapy are indicated. A history reference on the development of cell therapy for burn skin lesions is given. The documents governing the conduct of cell therapy in Russia are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of cell technology using keratinocytes are described. The methods of cell therapy for skin burns using fibroblasts are analyzed. The role of three-dimensional tissue-engineered structures – scaffolds in the regeneration of the skin is described. Their classification is given by the duration of wound coverage (permanent, semi-permanent and temporary), by composition (cellular, acellular), by type of material (synthetic, biological, which are divided into allogeneic and autologous). The main representatives of each group that are used in research as therapy in the treatment of skin burns are described: Biobrane, Integra, Dermagraft, TransCyte, Hyalograft 3D, Laser skin epidermal replacement, TissueTech autograft system. The data on the experimental testing of each of the representatives are presented. The issue of improving vascularization of tissue-engineering structures using bioreactors was also raised. According to the results of the review, it was concluded that the use of three-dimensional structures in the treatment of burn skin lesions shows the greatest efficacy and safety among pronounced cell therapy options in clinical practice. At the same time, the existing drawbacks of the analyzed samples require further study and analysis.