Cell studies of hybridized carbon nanofibers containing bioactive glass nanoparticles using bone mesenchymal stromal cells.

Xiu-Rui Zhang,Li-Ka Yang,Yuan-Yuan Shi,Yin-Fang Ao,Qing Cai,Qing-Yang Meng,Xiao-Ping Yang,Zheng-Zheng Zhang,Xiao-Qing Hu,Xiao-Long Jia

doi:10.1038/srep38685

Abstract

Bone regeneration required suitable scaffolding materials to support the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone-related cells. In this study, a kind of hybridized nanofibrous scaffold material (CNF/BG) was prepared by incorporating bioactive glass (BG) nanoparticles into carbon nanofibers (CNF) via the combination of BG sol-gel and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospinning, followed by carbonization. Three types (49 s, 68 s and 86 s) of BG nanoparticles were incorporated. To understand the mechanism of CNF/BG hybrids exerting osteogenic effects, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) were cultured directly on these hybrids (contact culture) or cultured in transwell chambers in the presence of these materials (non-contact culture). The contributions of ion release and contact effect on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were able to be correlated. It was found that the ionic dissolution products had limited effect on cell proliferation, while they were able to enhance osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in comparison with pure CNF. Differently, the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were both significantly promoted in the contact culture. In both cases, CNF/BG(68 s) showed the strongest ability in influencing cell behaviors due to its fastest release rate of soluble silicium-relating ions. The synergistic effect of CNF and BG would make CNF/BG hybrids promising substrates for bone repairing.

Highlights

Structure of ceramic nanoparticles[21,23]
bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) were cultured in two manners, in which, they were seeded onto CNF/BG hybrids directly, or they were cultured in transwell chamber containing CNF/BG hybrids but not contacting the materials
Except the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), expressions of other five genes in the group of CNF/BG(86 s) demonstrated comparable results with the case of tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) or in the presence of pure CNF. These findings suggested that those released ions from CNF/BG hybrids into the media were able to enhance osteogenic differentiation, but depending on the amounts of released ions

Summary

Introduction

Structure of ceramic nanoparticles[21,23]. Basically, the enhancements were ascribed to the dissolution behaviors of CaP or BG components[24,25,26,27], which endowed the hybridized CNF higher bioactivity than pure CNF. In the former culture manner, cell proliferation and differentiation will be affected by both the CNFs and the BG component While in the latter culture manner, it targets to focus on the effect of dissoluble ingredients from CNF/ BG hybrids on the biological behaviors of BMSCs without considering the possible influences from features such as morphology and roughness etc. In both the cases, cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were evaluated. The contributions of the soluble ingredients and the contact effect of CNF/BG hybrids on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were able to be correlated, respectively

Methods

Results

Conclusion