Abstract
In this paper, a cell selection technique for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) cellular systems with hybrid beamforming is proposed. To select a serving cell, taking into account hybrid beamforming structures in a mm-wave cellular system, the angles of arrival and departure for all candidate cells need to be estimated in the initialization stage, requiring a long processing time. To enable simultaneous multi-beam transmissions in a multi-cell environment, a cell and beam synchronization signal (CBSS) is proposed to carry beam IDs in conjunction with cell IDs. A serving cell maximizing the channel capacity of the hybrid beamformer is selected with the estimated channel information and the optimum precoder. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated by a computer simulation with a spatial channel model in a simple model of a mm-wave cellular system. It is shown by simulation that the proposed technique with the CBSS can significantly reduce the processing time for channel estimation and cell selection, and can achieve additional gains in channel capacity, or in bit error rate, compared to that obtained by conventional techniques.
Highlights
Owing to the wide use of smartphones and sensor nodes for various applications and services, mobile data traffic is growing rapidly
That is because more multipath channels are considered for cell selection in the proposed technique as the number of radio frequency (RF) chains ( National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) ) increases
When NRF is set to {2, 3, 5}, an additional gain of {0.64, 1.8, 3.23} and {1.24, 3.64, 6.6} bps/Hz at an signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of 9 dB can be achieved for uniform linear array (ULA) and uniform planar array (UPA), respectively
Summary
Owing to the wide use of smartphones and sensor nodes for various applications and services, mobile data traffic is growing rapidly. To perform digital beamforming at mm-wave frequencies, each antenna element requires dedicated baseband and radio frequency (RF) hardware, resulting in high costs and a substantial amount of power consumption This has constrained mm-wave systems to rely heavily on analog or RF processing [8,9]. In mm-wave systems, analog beamforming has been used to date for beam training and cell selection in the initialization stage. A cell selection technique for mm-wave cellular systems in the initialization stage is proposed for hybrid beamforming structures in data transmission stage.
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