Abstract
Due to natural disasters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be deployed as aerial wireless base stations when conventional cellular networks are out of service. They can also supplement the mobile ground station to provide wireless devices with improved coverage and faster data rates. Cells on wheels (CoWs) can also be utilized to provide enhanced wireless coverage for short-term demands. In this paper, a single CoW cooperates with a single UAV in order to provide maximum wireless coverage to ground users. The optimization problem is formulated to find the following: (1) the optimal 2D placement of the CoW, (2) the optimal 3D placement of the UAV, (3) the optimal bandwidth allocation, (4) the percentage of the available bandwidth that must be provided to the CoW and UAV, and (5) the priority of wireless coverage; which maximizes the number of covered users. We utilize the exhaustive search (ES) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms to solve the optimization problem. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is validated using simulation results.
Highlights
unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) networks have been developed as a possible technology of quickly providing wireless coverage to a geographic area, where a flying UAV can be quickly deployed to operate as a cell site [1, 2]. e advantage of deploying UAVs as flying base stations over traditional terrestrial base stations is their ability to change altitude, avoid obstacles, and increase the possibility of establishing line of sight (LoS) communication connections with wireless devices [3, 4]
In [9], the authors establish a unified framework for a UAV-assisted emergency network. e scheduling and trajectory of drones are jointly optimized to provide wireless connectivity to wireless devices with surviving ground mobile stations. e authors in [10] propose a deployment tool for a drone-aided emergency network to provide wireless device coverage in a large-scale disaster scenario
To formulate the optimization problem, we define the binary variable V(i,q), i ∈ I and q ∈ 1, 2 which ensures whether a wireless device i ∈ I is served by base station q ∈ {1, 2} or not
Summary
UAV networks have been developed as a possible technology of quickly providing wireless coverage to a geographic area, where a flying UAV can be quickly deployed to operate as a cell site [1, 2]. e advantage of deploying UAVs as flying base stations over traditional terrestrial base stations is their ability to change altitude, avoid obstacles, and increase the possibility of establishing line of sight (LoS) communication connections with wireless devices [3, 4]. E authors in [16] proposed an efficient 3D placement of a single UAV for assisting terrestrial wireless networks In their proposed model, a single UAV is utilized to assist the GBS and provide wireless coverage for arbitrarily distributed ground terminals, considering the impact of the obstacle blockage for the A2G path loss model. A single CoW and a single UAV are utilized to maximize the wireless communication coverage in emergency situations. (1 )Realistic path loss models for a CoW-UAV system are presented, and the trade-off introduced by these models is described (2) e optimization problem for a CoW-UAV system is formulated with the objective of maximizing the wireless coverage (3) Exhaustive search (ES) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are utilized to solve the optimization problem e remainder of this paper is organized as follows.
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