Abstract
Previous results of other investigators demonstrated that the killing of rat liver hepatocytes by each of a number of different membrane-active agents showed an absolute requirement for calcium in the medium. Earlier, we reported that altered membrane permeability is a major determinant of lethal cell injury caused by lytic simian virus 40 (SV40) infection. Results of the present study show that killing of CV-1 green monkey kidney cells by SV40, as determined by trypan blue staining, followed a similar time course and occurred to the same extent in calcium-free as in calcium-containing medium. The lethal consequence of calcium influx into CV-1 cells was nevertheless demonstrated by the cytotoxic action of the calcium-specific ionophore A23187, which rapidly killed CV1 cells in calcium-containing but not in calcium-free medium. It is concluded that whereas calcium influx is very cytotoxic to cells which are susceptible to lytic SV40 infection, calcium influx is not required to couple SV40-induced cell membrane damage to consequent cell death.
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