Abstract
Numerical simulations describe cell dynamics in the early stages of tumor development and find surprising connections to soft glassy materials, providing insight that aids in understanding not just tumor growth but a host of abiotic systems evolving far from equilibrium.
Highlights
The strict control of cell division and apoptosis is critical for tissue development and maintenance [1]
Dysfunctional cell birth and death control mechanisms lead to several physiological diseases, including cancers [2]
Together with genetic cues controlling birth-death processes, mechanical behavior of a collection of cells is thought to be of fundamental importance in biological processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing, stem cell dynamics, morphogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis [3,4,5,6,7,8]
Summary
The strict control of cell division and apoptosis is critical for tissue development and maintenance [1]. Using imaging techniques that track cell motions, it has been shown that in both two (kidney cells on a flat, thick polyacrylamide gel [9,11]) and three dimensions (explants from zebrafish embedded in agarose [12]) the mean-square displacement exhibits subdiffusive behavior, reminiscent of dynamics in supercooled liquids at intermediate timescales. This behavior, which can be rationalized by noting that the core of a growing collection of cells is likely to be in a jammed state, is expected on timescales less than the cell division time
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