CELL DIVISION AND FILAMENT FORMATION IN THE DESMIDBAMBUSINA BREBISSONII(CHLOROPHYTA)1

Abstract

ABSTRACTCell division and semicell expansion in the filamentous desmidBambusina brebissoniiKütz. were investigated using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Interphase cells are typical of desmids, containing a full complement of organelles and a cell wall penetrated by complex pores, but the cells lack a well‐defined median constriction. Cell division involves an open spindle and the centripetal growth of a primary septum formed by the fusion of small, dark‐staining vesicles probably derived from dictyosomes. Telophase nuclei are separated by a system of interzonal microtubules and numerous large, lighter‐staining vesicles also derived from the dictyosomes. Following cell division, an elaborate replicate cross wall is formed which consists of both primary and secondary wall layers. During semicell expansion, a portion of the primary wall splits apart as the new semicells evaginate and expand to their full size. The primary wall stops splitting at a thick ring of secondary wall material leaving the cells united by the remaining common layer of primary wall. When semicell expansion is completed, the primary wall is not shed from the lateral walls of the new semicells, and pores through both primary and secondary wall layers begin to produce sheath material. However, pores in the end walls of cells do not function unless the filament is broken. The intact primary wall between cells and the absence of sheath production between cells comprise the mechanism serving to hold the cells ofBambusina brebissoniitogether in long filaments.