Ceftizoxime loaded ZnO/l-cysteine based an advanced nanocarrier drug for growth inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium

M S Bacchu,S Akter,M R Ali,M A A Setu,M Z H Khan

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95195-0

Abstract

l-Cysteine coated zinc oxide (ZnO) nano hollow spheres were prepared as a potent drug delivery agent to eradicate Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The ZnO nano hollow spheres were synthesized by following the environmentally-friendly trisodium citrate assisted method and l-cysteine (L-Cys) conjugate with its surface. ZnO/L-Cys@CFX nanocarrier drug has been fabricated by incorporating ceftizoxime with L-Cys coated ZnO nano hollow spheres and characterized using different techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) etc. Furthermore, the drug-loading and encapsulation efficiency at different pH levels was measured using UV–vis spectrometer and optimized. A control and gradual manner of pH-sensitive release profile was found after investigating the release profile of CFX from the carrier drug. The antibacterial activity of ZnO/L-Cys@CFX and CFX were evaluated through the agar disc diffusion method and the broth dilution method, which indicate the antibacterial properties of antibiotics enhance after conjugating. Surprisingly, the ZnO/L-Cys@CFX exhibits a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5 µg/ml against S. typhimurium is lower than CFX (20 µg/ml) itself. These results indicate the nanocarrier can reduce the amount of CFX dosed to eradicate S. typhimurium.

Highlights

L-Cysteine coated zinc oxide (ZnO) nano hollow spheres were prepared as a potent drug delivery agent to eradicate Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium)
World health organization (WHO) defines these MDR bacteria as microorganisms that can grow in the presence of one or more a ntibiotics[4]
We present CFX loaded nano-drug carrier (NDC) named ZnO/L-Cys@CFX for controlled drug delivery for the growth inhibition of S. typhimurium

Summary

Introduction

L-Cysteine coated zinc oxide (ZnO) nano hollow spheres were prepared as a potent drug delivery agent to eradicate Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The antibiotic susceptibility properties of S. typhimurium were decreased, and this pathogen is resistant to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin, etc.[11] For this reason, we choose ceftizoxime (CFX) (member of cephalosporin antibiotic group) to treat S. typhimurium caused the infection. It is crucial to improve the therapeutic efficiency of CFX, which can be achieved by developing CFX loaded nano-drug carrier (NDC) with the minimum side e ffect[13] This NDC increases the therapeutic efficiency and reduces the drug consumption rate by the sustainable release of antibiotics. We choose a noble NDC based on l-cysteine (L-Cys) coated hollow Zinc oxide nanosphere to reduce antibiotic consumption. L-Cys works as a scavenger free radical that create oxidative stress to cause cellular damage[27]

Methods

Results

Conclusion