Abstract
The use of local antibiotics from a biodegradable implant for chronic osteomyelitis is an attractive alternative. The implant delivers high antibiotic concentration at tissue levels, obliterates dead space, aids bone repair and does not need to be removed. The purpose of this paper is to develop and evaluate a calcium sulphate and polycaprolactone based composite biodegradable implantable delivery system of cefoperazone sodium. Implants were prepared by modified fabrication technique to avoid solvent use. Interaction studies were carried out to check any incompatibility between ingredients. Prepared implants were evaluated for various in vitro parameters like dimensions, hardness, tensile strength, drug release profile and sterility. Morphological changes in pellet before and after drug release were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The pellet were also tested for microbiological efficacy and compared with plain drug solution in different concentrations. Developed pellets are regular in shape and size with good tensile strength. The release profile displayed drug levels above MIC continuously up to 2 months. Wide zone of inhibition by pellet against Staph. aureus as compared to drug solution proves its efficacy in treatment of osteomyelitis.
Highlights
The use of local antibiotics from a biodegradable implant for chronic osteomyelitis is an attractive alternative
Six weeks of intravenous antibiotic therapy is necessary for adequate treatment
A high concentration of antibiotics at the site of the infection would seem to be essential to achieve a cure and on this basis the impregnation of acrylic bone cement with antibiotics was developed[7,8,9,10], but main disadvantage in these implants is that they should be removed at the end of the treatment period
Summary
The use of local antibiotics from a biodegradable implant for chronic osteomyelitis is an attractive alternative. Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bones characterized by pain and nausea, pus formation, edema and warmth over the affected bone and rigid overlying muscles It is often caused by bacteria usually Staphylococcus aureus. The treatment of chronic osteomyelitis includes debridement of the dead infected tissue, obliteration of dead space, osseous repair, adequate soft tissue coverage, and systemic antibiotics. A high concentration of antibiotics at the site of the infection would seem to be essential to achieve a cure and on this basis the impregnation of acrylic bone cement with antibiotics was developed[7,8,9,10], but main disadvantage in these implants is that they should be removed at the end of the treatment period. Composite materials often show an excellent balance between strength and toughness and usually show improved characteristics compared to their separate components[12]
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