Cefazolin versus ampicillin/sulbactam as an empiric antibiosis in severe odontogenic neck infection descending from the lower jaw-retrospective analysis of 350 cases.

Abstract

Odontogenic infections descending from the lower jaw may lead to severe health conditions. Commonly, a biphasic treatment of surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy is conducted. The choice of the administered empiric antibiotic agent remains debatable. Retrospectively, we analyzed 350 medical records of patients who were consecutively treated with odontogenic infections descending from the lower jaw. All patients received surgical drainage and either cefazolin or ampicillin/sulbactam as empiric antibiosis. In particular, the number of secondary operations, infectious parameters, and length of in-hospital stay were investigated. The most frequently infected space was the perimandibular/buccal space for both groups followed by the submandibular space. Number of revision procedures, early recurrence, and length of stay presented no significant difference between both groups (p > 0.05). Inflammatory parameters (c-reactive protein, leukocytes) similarly decreased in both groups. Cefazolin targets the majority of the pathogens detected in severe odontogenic neck infections descending from the lower jaw and reveals comparable results to AMP/S in regard to the inflammatory parameters and in-hospital stay. Cefazolin is a feasible empiric antibiosis for odontogenic neck infections descending from the lower jaw if surgical drainage is performed.