Abstract
BackgroundThe immune response plays a significant role in pericarditis, but the mechanisms of disease are poorly defined. Further, efficient monitoring and predictive clinical tools are unavailable. Carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is an immune-inhibitory protein, while MHC class I chain related protein A (MICA) and B (MICB) have an immune-stimulating function.Methods and resultsSerum CEACAM1, MICA and MICB concentrations were measured by ELISA in ∼50 subjects of each group: acute pericarditis (AP), recurrent pericarditis (RP) and lupus (SLE) patients, metastatic melanoma patients as well as healthy donors. Serum CEACAM1 was dramatically elevated in AP and RP patients, but not in SLE patients, and displayed a highly accurate profile in ROC curve analyses. MICA and MICB were elevated in some pericarditis patients. All markers were enhanced in metastatic melanoma patients irrespective of neoplastic pericardial involvement. Etiology-guided analysis of RP patients showed that very low MICA levels were associated with idiopathic RP, while high MICA was associated with autoimmune and post-operative RP. Importantly, MICA was significantly associated with recurrences, independently of other potentially confounding parameters such as age, time of follow up or treatment modality.ConclusionsHere we report for the first time on CEACAM1 as a potentially novel biomarker for pericarditis, as well as on MICA as an innovative prognostic marker in these patients. Determination of the roles of these immune factors, as well as their diagnostic and prognostic values should be determined in future prospective studies.
Highlights
Acute pericarditis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pericardium, diagnosed in one in every 1000 hospital admissions in the United States [1]
Here we report for the first time on Carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) as a potentially novel biomarker for pericarditis, as well as on MHC class I chain related protein A (MICA) as an innovative prognostic marker in these patients
Serum samples were obtained from 49 patients afflicted with acute pericarditis (AP), 48 patients with recurrent episodes of acute pericarditis (RP) and 47 demographically matched controls
Summary
Acute pericarditis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pericardium, diagnosed in one in every 1000 hospital admissions in the United States [1]. Employing invasive www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget procedures such as pericardioscopy or pericardial biopsy can diagnose the etiology in the vast majority of the cases [2]. These are not performed in most medical centers on a routine basis. The disease usually has a relapsing-remitting pattern [3,4,5], but may be more chronic in some cases [9]. Carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is an immune-inhibitory protein, while MHC class I chain related protein A (MICA) and B (MICB) have an immune-stimulating function
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