Abstract
The physical and chemical synthesis methods of quantum dots (QDs) are generally unfavorable for biological applications. To overcome this limitation, the development of a novel “green” route to produce highly-fluorescent CdSe QDs constitutes a promising substitute approach. In the present work, CdSe QDs were biosynthesized in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a novel method, where we showed for the first time that the concentration of tryptone highly affects the synthesis process. The optimum concentration of tryptone was found to be 25 g/L for the highest yield. Different methods were used to optimize the QD extraction from yeast, and the best method was found to be by denaturation at 80 °C along with an ultrasound needle. Multiple physical characterizations including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and spectrophotometry confirmed the optical features size and shape distribution of the QDs. We showed that the novel conjugate of the CdSe QDs and a cell-penetrating peptide (hecate) can detect bacterial cells very efficiently under a fluorescent microscope. The conjugate also showed strong antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Escherichia coli, which may help us to cope with the problem of rising antibiotic resistance.
Highlights
Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles with unique optoelectronic properties and exceptional resistance to photo and chemical degradation [1]
CdSe quantum dots (QDs) were biosynthesized in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a novel method, where we showed for the first time that the concentration of tryptone highly affects the synthesis process
CdSe QDs were biosynthesized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells using a novel method where we show for the first time that the concentration of tryptone highly affects the synthesis process
Summary
Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles with unique optoelectronic properties and exceptional resistance to photo and chemical degradation [1]. The bacterial resistance towards commonly-used antimicrobial agents has become a major problem in veterinary and public health [27]. Bacterial resistance is rapidly increasing due to the misuse or extensive use of antibiotics, which urges the necessity to develop different novel antimicrobial agents [28]. CdSe QDs were biosynthesized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells using a novel method where we show for the first time that the concentration of tryptone highly affects the synthesis process. Different physical characterizations including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and spectrophotometry were performed to study the optical features and size and shape distribution of the QDs. we develop a novel conjugate of the CdSe QDs along with a bacterial cell-penetrating peptide (hecate) for potential microbiological applications. The conjugate was tested for its ability to target bacterial cells and superior antimicrobial property against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA)
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