Abstract
BackgroundPeople with prediabetes are at greater risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, nerve damage and high blood pressure, compared to those without the disease. Prediabetes is a complex disorder involving both genetic and environmental factors in its pathogenesis. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the independent risk factors for prediabetes, considering the contribution of genetic factors (TCF7L2-rs7903146, IRS1-rs1801278, INSR-rs3745551, CDKN2A-rs10811661, and FTO-rs9939609), socio-economic status, and lifestyle factors.ResultsAmong the candidate genes studied, the CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism was found to be the most significant factor associated with prediabetes in the model unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, obesity-related traits, systolic blood pressure, dyslipidemia, socio-economic status, and lifestyle factors. In the final model, the CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism (OR per T allele = 1.22, 95 % CI = 1.04–1.44, P = 0.017), systolic blood pressure (OR per 10 mmHg = 1.14, 95 % CI = 1.08–1.20, P < 0.0001), waist-hip ratio (OR = 1.25, 95 % CI = 1.10–1.42, P < 0.0001), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.57, 95 % CI = 1.15–2.14, P = 0.004), and residence (OR = 1.93, 95 % CI = 2.82–4.14, P < 0.0001) were the most significant independent predictors of prediabetes, in which the power of the adjusted prediction model was 0.646.ConclusionsThe study suggested that the CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with the increased risk of prediabetes in a Vietnamese population. The studied genetic variant had a small effect on prediabetes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0266-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
People with prediabetes are at greater risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, nerve damage and high blood pressure, compared to those without the disease
The importance of prediabetes has been underscored by the facts that (i) up to 70 % of people with prediabetes may develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) during their lifetimes [2]; (ii) the average time it takes a person with prediabetes to develop T2D is 3 years [3]; and (iii) people with prediabetes are at greater risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, vision
Of the 5 candidate SNPs tested for association, we found that the CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism was significantly associated with prediabetes in a Vietnamese population, independent of obesity-related traits, considering the influence of the socio-economic status and lifestyle factors
Summary
People with prediabetes are at greater risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, nerve damage and high blood pressure, compared to those without the disease. Defects in genes that encode proteins affect pathways involved in insulin control and glucose homeostasis (the balance of insulin and the hormone glucagon to maintain blood glucose), can raise the risk for diabetes Such genes including INSR, IRS1, CDKN2A, TCF7L2, and FTO are identified in genome wide association (GWA) studies [9, 10]. The contributions of these genetic variants on T2D vary among different ethnic populations because of the differences in environmental factors, risk–factor profiles, and genetic background [8, 11]. The study was designed to investigate both genetic (TCF7L2-rs7903146, IRS1-rs1801278, INSR-rs3745551, CDKN2A-rs10811661, and FTO-rs9939609) and environmental factors for prediabetes in a Vietnamese population. The most significant factors associated with prediabetes were reported
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