CD9 and ITGA3 are regulated during HIV-1 infection in macrophages to support viral replication

Zita Kruize,Viviana Cobos Jiménez,Fernando O Martinez,Riccardo Di Vincenzo,Karel A Van Dort,Ad C Van Nuenen,Thijs Booiman,Neeltje A Kootstra

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2021.07.002

Zita Kruize, Viviana Cobos Jiménez + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2021.07.002

Copy DOI

Abstract

Monocytes/macrophages are important target cells for HIV-1. Here, we investigated whether HIV-1 induces changes in the macrophage gene expression profile to support viral replication.We observed that the macrophage gene expression profiles dramatically changed upon HIV-1 infection. The majority of the HIV-1 regulated genes were also differentially expressed in M2a macrophages. The biological functions associated with the HIV-1 induced gene expression profile in macrophages were mainly related to inflammatory responses. CD9 and ITGA3 were among the top genes upregulated upon HIV-1 infection. We showed that these genes support viral replication and that downregulation of these genes decreased HIV-1 replication in macrophages.Here we showed that HIV-1 infection of macrophages induces a gene expression profile that may dampen inflammatory responses. CD9 and ITGA3 were among the top genes regulated by HIV-1 and were shown to support viral production most likely at the level of viral budding and release.

Full Text