Abstract
BackgroundNodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is characterized by lymphocyte-predominant (LP) cells in a background of CD4+ CD57+ T-cells. These cells are normally present in the germinal center of lymphoid tissues. The cells rosetting LP cells are described to be PD-1 and BCL-6 positive, which are markers of T-follicular helper cells. This study was designed to address the question: are the CD57+ T cells in germinal centers of tonsil and NLPHL TFH cells?ResultsImmunohistochemistry was performed on tonsil and NLPHL. For tonsil, cells per germinal center and for NLPHL, the area around LP cells was counted. Cells rosetting LP cells were also determined. In addition, flowcytometry was performed on cell suspensions. Cells directly rosetting LP cells are positive for CD57 and/or for two markers of T-follicular helper (TFH) cells, PD-1 and BCL-6. We show that in both tonsil and NLPHL more than 90 % of CD57+ T-cells are also positive for PD-1, whereas roughly half of the PD-1+ T-cells are CD57+. CD57+ cells co-express BCL-6 in tonsil and in the rosetting cells of NLPHL.ConclusionsWe conclude that CD57+ T-cells are TFH cells and form a subpopulation of TFH cells in tonsils and NLPHL.
Highlights
Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is characterized by lymphocyte-predominant (LP) cells in a background of CD4+ CD57+ T-cells
In NLPHL, cells present around LP cells in 10 areas with the magnification of 200× were counted for CD57+, PD-1+ and double positive cells
Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results Immunofluorescence staining of PD-1 in combination with CD57 showed that almost all CD57+ cells in the germinal centers were PD-1 positive, while part of the PD-1+ cells were negative for CD57 (Fig. 1a, b)
Summary
Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is characterized by lymphocyte-predominant (LP) cells in a background of CD4+ CD57+ T-cells. These cells are normally present in the germinal center of lymphoid tissues. One of the prominent cell types in NLPHL are the CD4+ CD57+ T-cells These CD57+ T-cells are normally present in the germinal centers of tonsil and form about 5–8 % of all cells. In NLPHL, CD4+ CD57+ T-cells form 20–40 % of the total cell population and they are present mostly around the LP cells [1] Another CD4+ T-cell subpopulation in the germinal centers of tonsils are the T-follicular helper (TFH) cells.
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