Abstract
Abstract It is known that CD5 mediates inhibitory signals in T cells and plays important roles in immune tolerance. Little is known about whether CD5 has a role in dendritic cell (DC) induced T cell activation and immune responses. Here we show that CD5 was expressed by CD11c+ DC in the thymus, lymph node, spleen and skin of mice. A deficiency in CD5 gene (CD5-/-) did not have a significant effect on the development of DC. However, it enhanced the activity of DC to activate CD4 and CD8 T cells in vitro and in vivo. CD5-/- DC were more potent than wild type DC in the induction of anti-tumor immunity and contact hypersensitivity response in animals. CD5-/- DC induced higher levels of IL-2 and IFN-gamma production by T cells than wild type DC. Restoration of CD5 expression on CD5-/- DC inhibited their activity to activate T cells and induce immune responses in mice. Further analysis indicated that the deficiency in CD5 increased the production of IL-12 and IL-23 by DC and that the restoration of CD5 expression inhibited the cytokine production by CD5-/- DC. Collectively, the study has demonstrated that CD5 inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines by DC and has an inhibitory effect on their activity to activate T cells and induce immune responses. It provides novel insights into mechanisms for DC induced T cell tolerance and immune suppression.
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