CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and antibodies are associated with protection against Delta vaccine breakthrough infection: a nested case-control study within the PITCH study.

Isabel Neale ,Shona C Moore ,Christopher J A Duncan ,Paul Klenerman ,Alex G Richter ,Susan L Dobson ,Teresa Lambe ,Mary Wu ,Thushan I De Silva ,Alexandra Deeks ,Eleanor Barnes ,Priyanka Abraham ,Rebecca Payne ,Megan Plowright ,Anthony Brown ,Edward J Carr ,Stéphanie Longet ,Adriana Tomić ,Victoria Hall ,Ashley Otter ,Null Author_Id ,Rupert Beale ,Barbara Kronsteiner-Dobramysl ,Susan Hopkins ,Miles W Carroll ,Mohammad Ali ,Lance Turtle ,Lizzie Stafford ,Tom Newman ,Susanna Dunachie

doi:10.1128/mbio.01212-23

CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and antibodies are associated with protection against Delta vaccine breakthrough infection: a nested case-control study within the PITCH study.

Isabel Neale , Shona C Moore + Show 28 more

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https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.01212-23

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Journal: mBio	Publication Date: Sep 1, 2023
Citations: 5	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, University of Oxford, Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle University, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford BioMedica (United Kingdom), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, The Francis Crick Institute, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Sheffield, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Boston University, The Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

#Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 #Vaccine Breakthrough + Show 8 more

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Abstract

Defining correlates of protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine breakthrough infection informs vaccine policy for booster doses and future vaccine designs. Existing studies demonstrate humoral correlates of protection, but the role of T cells in protection is still unclear. In this study, we explore antibody and T cell immune responses associated with protection against Delta variant vaccine breakthrough infection in a well-characterized cohort of UK Healthcare Workers (HCWs). We demonstrate evidence to support a role for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as antibodies against Delta vaccine breakthrough infection. In addition, our results suggest a potential role for cross-reactive T cells in vaccine breakthrough.

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