CD3+ T-Lymphocytic Coeliac-Mesenteric Ganglioneuritis Associated with Colonic Torsion and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in an Arabian Broodmare

Abstract

A 5-year-old Arabian broodmare with acute colic was diagnosed with lymphocytic ganglioneuritis of the coeliac-mesenteric ganglia and lymphocytic‒plasmacytic enterocolitis resembling inflammatory bowel disease. No significant pathogens were identified by aerobic culture or histopathological examination. The ganglia were multifocally infiltrated with small lymphocytes that were immunopositive for CD3 and negative for CD20 and CD79a antigens, indicating CD3+ T-lymphocyte-mediated coeliac-mesenteric ganglioneuritis. The findings suggest immune-mediated inflammatory bowel disease resulting in disturbance of the autonomic nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract, as in ulcerative colitis in humans. Histopathological features in this case differ from those of equine enteric dysautonomia and chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, which are characterized by neuronal degeneration and inflammation, respectively, and mostly affect the mural ganglion plexuses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CD3+ T-lymphocytic extramural enteric ganglioneuritis in equine inflammatory bowel disease.