Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate the root anatomy, root canal morphology and the anatomical relationship between the roots and maxillary sinus of maxillary second premolars by CBCT in a western Chinese population.MethodsA total of 1118 CBCT scans of the maxillary second premolars were collected from West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. Information below were measured on axial, coronal and sagittal sections, recorded and evaluated properly: the number of roots and canals, the morphology of canal system classified by Vertucci standard, the inter-orifice distance of canal orifices, the curvature of each canal and the distance from root tip to maxillary sinus floor.ResultsAmong the 1118 teeth, 94.2% (1053) are single-rooted and 55.1% (616) have one canal. Type I (55.1%) is the commonest root canal morphology followed by Type II (31.9%). The mean inter-orifice distance (IOD) for multi-canal teeth ranging from 2.72 ± 0.32 to 3.41 ± 0.11 mm. Of 1622 canals, 38.8% (630) curvature are mesiodistal and 30.9% (501) are straight canals. The distance from root tip to maxillary sinus floor increased with age and the mean distance of single-rooted ones is 2.47 ± 3.45 mm.ConclusionsAll kinds of canal morphology category can be detected in maxillary second premolars. The IOD might be a predictable factor for root canal morphology. Roots of maxillary second premolars are related to maxillary sinus which should be treated carefully.
Highlights
To evaluate the root anatomy, root canal morphology and the anatomical relationship between the roots and maxillary sinus of maxillary second premolars by Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) in a western Chinese population
This study aims to value the distance from root tip from maxillary second premolar to the maxillary sinus floor with the assistance of CBCT [22,23,24,25]
Other root canal categories except Type I and VIII were all detected in double canals teeth while Type II (71.4%) is the commonest followed by Type IV (22.8%)
Summary
To evaluate the root anatomy, root canal morphology and the anatomical relationship between the roots and maxillary sinus of maxillary second premolars by CBCT in a western Chinese population. Maxillary second premolars seem to be insignificant in dental arch, not as important as the first molars which guide the occlusal foundation, or contributing a lot into our smile like the anterior teeth. Most periapical X-ray films might show the maxillary second premolars with one root and one canal. Amounts of researches have reported maxillary second premolars with more than one root or one canal [8, 9]. The incidence of three canals in maxillary premolars has been reported to vary from 0 to 10% [10]. Evalution of root morphology and root canal mophology ahead of treatment is sort of important for therapy
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