Abstract
The most popular surface modification technology used to enhance the mechanical properties of metallic materials is shot peening. Shot peening improves fatigue life and strength by introducing local plastic deformation pits. However, the pits increase surface roughness, which is a disadvantage for fatigue properties. Recently, cavitation peening, in which cavitation bubble collapse impacts are used, has been developed as an advanced surface modification technology. The advantage of cavitation peening is the lesser increase in surface roughness compared with shot peening, as no solid collisions occur in cavitation peening. In conventional cavitation peening, cavitation is generated by injecting a high-speed water jet into water. However, cavitation peening is different from water jet peening, in which water column impacts are used. In the present review, to avoid confusing cavitation peening and water jet peening, fundamentals and mechanisms of cavitation peening are described in comparison to water jet peening, and the effects and applications of cavitation peening are reviewed compared with the other peening methods.
Highlights
As cavitation causes severe damage to hydraulic machinery such as pumps [1,2], cavitation is harmful to hydraulic components
Cavitation peening with abrasive particles was proposed to enhance the fatigue properties of additive manufactured titanium alloy by smoothing the surface roughness by introducing compressive residual stress into the subsurface [16]
Thea compressive residual is stress introduced using a cavitating jet in wateras cavitating with pressurized chamber larger and deeper compared with the others, with a pressurized chamber is larger and deeper compared with the others, as shown in shown in Figure 12 [3]
Summary
As cavitation causes severe damage to hydraulic machinery such as pumps [1,2], cavitation is harmful to hydraulic components. Impact at cavitation bubble collapse can be used to enhance material properties, similar to shot peening. In the case of cavitation peening, the impacts at bubble collapses are used; understanding the mechanism of cavitation is important to enhance material properties without erosion. Cavitation impacts cause erosion in hydraulic components, cavitation peening can treat metallic materials without causing erosion, as cavitation peening finishes the treatment within the incubation period. As the optimum processing time of cavitation peening is about 1/25 to 1/5 of incubation period, no mass loss occurs on the treated surface [9]. Cavitation peening with abrasive particles was proposed to enhance the fatigue properties of additive manufactured titanium alloy by smoothing the surface roughness by introducing compressive residual stress into the subsurface [16]. To efficiently expand applications of cavitation peening with reliability and safety, the fundamentals and applications of cavitation peening are described compared with other peening techniques
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