Abstract
The kidney is an energy-consuming organ, and cellular metabolism plays an indispensable role in kidney-related diseases. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a multifunctional membrane protein, is the main component of caveolae on the plasma membrane. Caveolae are represented by tiny invaginations that are abundant on the plasma membrane and that serve as a platform to regulate cellular endocytosis, stress responses, and signal transduction. However, caveolae have received increasing attention as a metabolic platform that mediates the endocytosis of albumin, cholesterol, and glucose, participates in cellular metabolic reprogramming and is involved in the progression of kidney disease. It is worth noting that caveolae mainly depend on Cav-1 to perform the abovementioned cellular functions. Furthermore, the mechanism by which Cav-1 regulates cellular metabolism and participates in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases has not been completely elucidated. In this review, we introduce the structure and function of Cav-1 and its functions in regulating cellular metabolism, autophagy, and oxidative stress, focusing on the relationship between Cav-1 in cellular metabolism and kidney disease; in addition, Cav-1 that serves as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of kidney disease is also described.
Highlights
Kidney disease is currently a challenging public health problem worldwide and is receiving increasing attention
CAV1 gene knockout in the endothelial cells (ECs) increase the autocrine activity of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), which acts as a stimulus to activate the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway to promote the phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) to increase lipolysis and reduce the formation of lipid droplets (LDs), but it does not reduced triglyceride synthesis or fatty acid uptake (Kuo et al, 2018), suggesting that Cav-1 may play an important role in LD accumulation (Figure 2)
Despite recent studies showing robust evidence for the critical role of Cav-1 in metabolic disorders, oxidative stress, and autophagy, most of the studies indicated that Cav-1 is a potential therapeutic target in cancer and cardiovascular diseases, whereas few studies have been conducted in kidney disease
Summary
Kidney disease is currently a challenging public health problem worldwide and is receiving increasing attention. Metabolic disorders are another form of diseased kidney dysfunction and play a key role in renal fibrosis (Kang et al, 2015). The scaffold protein caveolin-1 (Cav-1) on the cell membrane is a key protein to maintain energy homeostasis by regulating energy metabolism and mediating the signal transduction of glucose and lipid metabolism (Baudrand et al, 2016), which is closely associated with metabolic-related diseases such as diabetes (Bonds et al, 2019; Haddad et al, 2020), obesity (Chang et al, 2017), cardiovascular disease (Mayurasakorn et al, 2018), and cancer (Sotgia et al, 2012; Zhang Z. et al, 2020). We describe the role of Cav-1 in regulating cellular glucose and lipid metabolism, cellular oxidative stress, and autophagy
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