Abstract
Development of macro and micro cracks on plastered walls and floors have been studied at different sites under site investigation whereby building inspections, construction history, engineering properties of soil and building surroundings assessment were conducted. We did revision of structural calculations and laboratory experiment to find out the source of cracks. Micro and macro cracks have no structural problems on the structure so long as the developed cracks are within the serviceability limit state [1]. There are two main causes of cracks in the structure that are structural and nonstructural sources [2]. The first task was to identify whether the source of cracks are structural or non structural. During site investigation the modes of crack formation, depth and length of crack, crack patterns and direction were studied at different sites in Ngara. Theoretical calculations of crack width and particles size distribution of sand from three main sources were analyzed after performing both sieve analysis and decantation tests. In depth site investigation, literature review and laboratory tests result showed that the causes of cracks are nonstructural and all three reliable sources of sand in Ngara contain more quantities of fines than that specified in BS 882. This paper is looking for the causes of cracks on structures and recommending further research on new idea of using simple technology and low cost methods that is affordable by both the government of Tanzania and local community of Ngara to overcome the problem of structures that develop micro and macro cracks.
Highlights
Ngara district council is implementing different projects to meet development goals that include construction of roads, bridges, culverts, classrooms, dispensaries, teacher’s houses, health centers and hospitals
Development of macro and micro cracks on plastered walls and floors have been studied at different sites under site investigation whereby building inspections, construction history, engineering properties of soil and building surroundings assessment were conducted
Micro and macro cracks have no structural problems on the structure so long as the developed cracks are within the serviceability limit state [1]
Summary
Ngara district council is implementing different projects to meet development goals that include construction of roads, bridges, culverts, classrooms, dispensaries, teacher’s houses, health centers and hospitals. In 2001 Ngara started to implement Primary Education Development Programme (PEDP) and District Rural Development Programme (DRDP) whereby a total of 600 classrooms and 30 teachers’ houses were constructed [4]. In 2005 Ngara started to implement Secondary Education Development Project (SEDP) in which new secondary schools were constructed and increased the number from 5 in 2005 to 26 secondary schools in 2009. In 2008 the district started to implement a ten years programme of Primary Health Development Programme (MMAM) whereby in first five years, 35 new dispensaries will be constructed, 3 hospitals will be rehabilitated, 13 new health centers and 88 new minor theatres will be constructed [5]. Poor performances in terms of early cracks and disintegration of constructed floors and plastering have been a big subject among politicians and Ngara society in general
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