Abstract
Background and aims: Surgery is an important and life-saving health service that can treat many of the congenital anomalies. This study aimed to investigate the possible causes and outcomes of non-cardiac surgeries in newborns admitted to the neonatal invasive care unit (NICU) department of Be’sat Hospital in Hamadan during the period 2011 to 2017. Methods: This study included all neonates (482 newborns) who were admitted to the NICU department of Be’sat hospital during the period 2011-2017 due to non-cardiac surgery, and had hospital records. The required information was extracted from their hospital records and the surgical outcomes and complications were analyzed with respect to other variables such as the gender, type of delivery, gestational age, birth weight, and disease. Results: According to our study results, 80.5% of the newborns had the gastrointestinal disease which was the most common cause of surgery found in this study. Moreover, imperforated anus (20.8%) and esophageal atresia (17.1%) were among the most common disorders. Esophageal atresia (33.9%) was detected to be the most common disease among the newborns who died during the course of the study. The results from the study showed that the outcome of surgery had statistically significant relationship with gender (P=0.011), type of breastfeeding/feeding (P<0.001), gestational age (P<0.001), and birth weight (P<0.001). Conclusion: Fetal examinations during pregnancy and neonatal care immediately after birth were recommended for early diagnosis of esophageal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and imperforated anus. Since gender (male), breastfeeding, normal gestational age, and normal birth weight had a significantly positive effect on surgery outcome, higher quality care was also recommended for infants lacking these characteristics.
Highlights
Neonatal Mortality Rate is one of the most important health indexes, which has a direct effect on infant mortality rates and children less than 5 years [1]
In the study by Eghbalian and Ghorbanpour, the most common diseases leading to surgeries were determined to be Hirschsprung (19%), imperforate anus (16.7%), esophageal atresia (15%), and inguinal hernia (9.5%) [9]
Imperforate anus (20.8%), esophageal atresia (17.1%), Hirschsprung (9.9%), omphalocele (7.5%), duodenal atresia (7.5%), jejunal atresia (6%) and inguinal hernia (4.7%) were discovered to be the most frequent disorders leading to surgery, which was inconsistent with the results from the studies by Eghbalian and Ghorbanpour [9] and Abdul-Mumin et al [10]
Summary
Neonatal Mortality Rate is one of the most important health indexes, which has a direct effect on infant mortality rates and children less than 5 years [1]. Congenital anomalies – known as congenital disorders, congenital malformations, or birth defects – refer to the groups of structure, function, or metabolism abnormalities that cause physical or mental disabilities in newborns. Many of these congenital anomalies can be treated or improved with cost-effective and safe methods that improve long-term outcomes [4,5,6]. This study aimed to investigate the possible causes and outcomes of non-cardiac surgeries in newborns admitted to the neonatal invasive care unit (NICU) department of Be’sat Hospital in Hamadan during the period 2011 to 2017.
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