Causes and nature of traumatic brain injury in a metropolis and the organization of assistance to victims in a multidisciplinary hospital

Abstract

THE OBJECTIVE of the study was to study the causes and nature of traumatic brain injury in a metropolis and to form the principles of providing assistance to victims in a multidisciplinary hospital.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The analysis of a sequential sample of 2017 case histories of patients admitted to St. Petersburg State Medical Institution “Mariinsky City Hospital” for urgent indications with injuries of the skin of the head, skull bones, brain of varying severity was carried out. They accounted for 69 % of the total number of injured patients (2,932 people) admitted with injuries to various parts of the body, including the head, from August 2021 to February 2022. We analyzed 114 case histories of patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). The mortality rate in this group was 36 % (41 out of 114 people). The work is illustrated by clinical observations with typical urban injuries, which were caused by icicles falling on the head, blocks of snow from the roofs of houses, incidents with personal mobility equipment on the sidewalks of the city, falls on ice and other causes.RESULTS. Based on clinical examples, the causes and features of urban traumatic brain injury in a metropolis, criteria for sorting and routing patients admitted with signs of traumatic brain injury were considered.