Abstract

In this study, Multi-level SEM was applied to the data in which each real environment was evaluated by real users. The case studies were undertaken on the data of offices, city environments and public libraries. As a result, it was shown that Multi-level SEM is effective to grasp hidden (unnoticed) utilities of environment, such as contextual effects. Additionally, regarding methodology, following achievements were obtained. 1) Guidelines for selection of data/variables and pre-processing technique were presented. 2) Pre-analysis techniques were proposed to examine differences between interclass and intraclass effects. 3) Techniques for dealing with attenuation of intraclass effect were studied.

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