Abstract
In the period from 1995 to 2004, the following mycobacterial species were isolated during the examination of the state of health of aquarium fish from the Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic: Mycobacterium fortuitum (Paracheirodon axelrodi, Poecilia sphenops, Hemigrammus rhodostomus, Hyphessobrycon flammeus), M. chelonae (P. axelrodi, Betta splendens, Xiphophorus helleri, Puntius tetrazona), M. kansasii (P. axelrodi, B. splendens), M. simiae (Hyphessobrycon ecuadoriensis), and M. gordonae (P. axelrodi, Colisa lalia, B. splendens, Symphysodon discus). The first isolation from aquarium fish was recorded in the case of M. kansasii and the second isolation in the case of M. simiae; both should also be taken into account as aetiological agents of mycobacterial infections in humans. The measures to reduce mycobacterial infections in both fish and humans should include monitoring water mains as possible sources of M. kansasii infections, compliance with the sanitation principles in handling fish suspected of being infected and the content of tanks (molluscs, water, plants), and the introduction of strict veterinary inspection of imported fish, fish from aquarist shops and from large-scale distributors.
Highlights
In the period from 1995 to 2004, the following mycobacterial species were isolated during the examination of the state of health of aquarium fish from the Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic: Mycobacterium fortuitum (Paracheirodon axelrodi, Poecilia sphenops, Hemigrammus rhodostomus, Hyphessobrycon flammeus), M. chelonae (P. axelrodi, Betta splendens, Xiphophorus helleri, Puntius tetrazona), M. kansasii (P. axelrodi, B. splendens), M. simiae (Hyphessobrycon ecuadoriensis), and M. gordonae (P. axelrodi, Colisa lalia, B. splendens, Symphysodon discus)
The first isolation from aquarium fish was recorded in the case of M. kansasii and the second isolation in the case of M. simiae; both should be taken into account as aetiological agents of mycobacterial infections in humans
According to Mátlová et al (1998), there are more than 70 known mycobacterial species that can be classified by their relation to the host into obligate pathogens of vertebrates (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. paratuberculosis, M. bovis) and potentially pathogenic mycobacteria, which include the majority of mycobacteria potentially pathogenic for the poikilotermic animals (M. marinum, M. chelonae and M. fortuitum)
Summary
In the period from 1995 to 2004, the following mycobacterial species were isolated during the examination of the state of health of aquarium fish from the Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic: Mycobacterium fortuitum (Paracheirodon axelrodi, Poecilia sphenops, Hemigrammus rhodostomus, Hyphessobrycon flammeus), M. chelonae (P. axelrodi, Betta splendens, Xiphophorus helleri, Puntius tetrazona), M. kansasii (P. axelrodi, B. splendens), M. simiae (Hyphessobrycon ecuadoriensis), and M. gordonae (P. axelrodi, Colisa lalia, B. splendens, Symphysodon discus). Identification of the causal agents of bacterial diseases in aquarium culture is an important part of the health care of ornamental fish, aimed at reducing infections and minimising losses. This applies, in particular, to conditions where ornamental fish are reproduced on a mass scale and where the probability of an outbreak of epizooties of bacterial aetiology is very high. Wood and Ordal (1958) reported a very high incidence of mycobacterioses in hatchery-reared Pacific salmon and steelhead trout fed ground, uncooked viscera of adult fish infected with mycobacteria
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