Abstract
ABSTRACT This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the water relations, photosynthetic pigments and growth of passion fruit cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado, as a function of the cationic nature of irrigation water and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions in Pombal – PB, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 6 × 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to six cationic nature of water - CNW (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na++Ca2+; S5 - Mg2+ and S6 - Na++Ca2++Mg2+) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide - H2O2 (0, 20, 40 and 60 μM), distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Plants in the control treatment (S1) were irrigated using water with electrical conductivity (ECw) of 0.3 dS m-1, while those of the other treatments (S2; S3; S4; S5 and S6) were subjected to ECw of 3.0 dS m-1, prepared with different cation(s). Application of 60 μM of H2O2 reduced the percentage of intercellular electrolyte leakage in plants irrigated with water of calcic composition. Salinity of water composed of sodium, sodium+calcium and sodium+calcium+magnesium, and H2O2 concentrations of 40 and 60 μM resulted in lower leaf water potential. The biomass accumulation of passion fruit was more sensitive to the variation of the electrical conductivity of the water. Regardless of the cationic nature, the use of water with electrical conductivity of 3.0 dS m-1 produced passion fruit seedlings with a Dickson quality index higher than 0.2, considered acceptable.
Highlights
Fruit growing is one of the segments in the Brazilian economy that has stood out in recent years and continues in full evolution with regard to both the production of fresh fruits and the industrialization of juices and nectars
The treatments were arranged in a 6 × 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to six cationic nature of the water - CNW (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na++Ca2+; S5 - Mg2+, and S6 - Na++Ca2++Mg2+) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide - H2O2 (0, 20, 40, and 60 μM), distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates, and the plot consisted of two plants, totaling 192 experimental units
The reduction in root dry biomass (RDB) accumulation in plants grown under low salinity (S1) and in the absence of foliar application of H2O2 is related to the variation in the level of electrical conductivity of water, as there were no significant differences between the cationic natures of the water, which may be associated with restriction in the absorption of water and nutrients, as explained earlier
Summary
Fruit growing is one of the segments in the Brazilian economy that has stood out in recent years and continues in full evolution with regard to both the production of fresh fruits and the industrialization of juices and nectars. Despite the good yield indicators, in the Northeast region, its production depends on the use of irrigation, due to the water scarcity caused by the climate imbalance In this region, most groundwater (wells) and surface water (small and medium-sized reservoirs and ponds) have high salt levels, besides showing variability in ionic composition (LIMA et al, 2019)
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