Abstract
An investigation of the interaction principles of nucleic acids and nanoparticles is a priority for the development of theoretical and methodological approaches to creating bionanocomposite structures, which determines the area and boundaries of biomedical use of developed nanoscale devices. «Nucleic acid—magnetic nanoparticle» type constructs are being developed to carry out the highly efficient detection of pathogens, create express systems for genotyping and sequencing, and detect siRNA. However, the data available on the impact of nanoparticles on the behavior of siRNA are insufficient. In this work, using nanoparticles of two classical oxides of inorganic chemistry (magnetite (Fe3O4) and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles), and widely used gold nanoparticles, we show their effect on the rate of siRNA hybridization. It has been determined that magnetite nanoparticles with a positive charge on the surface increase the rate of siRNA hybridization, while negatively charged magnetite and silica nanoparticles, or positively charged gold nanoparticles, do not affect hybridization rates (HR).
Highlights
The history of studying the interaction between nucleic acids and nanoparticles (NPs) has been around for many decades
In all of the works mentioned above, the formation of complexes siRNA or DNA with nanoparticles was reached using linkers. We found it interesting to explore the effect of different pristine nanoparticles without any coating and linkages on the rate of hybridization of siRNA sequences
It was shown that positively charged MNPs could increase the hybridization rates (HR) of siRNA molecules, while gold, silica, and negatively charged MNPs do not have a significant influence on the hybridization process
Summary
The history of studying the interaction between nucleic acids and nanoparticles (NPs) has been around for many decades. The study of the effect of various nanoparticles on the hybridization of RNA or DNA structures seems to be very important. Kong and authors showed the formation of the Au-siRNA complexes while using Au-thiol linkages [14] Another method, biosensing, is based on the affinity of DNA to gold, but the principle of complementarity plays an important role here [15]. It allows for determining similarities between single-stranded DNA molecules, thereby revealing mutations or the presence of pathogenic DNA, while nanoparticles serve as an optical sensor. It was shown that positively charged MNPs could increase the HR of siRNA molecules, while gold, silica, and negatively charged MNPs do not have a significant influence on the hybridization process
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