Abstract
Ca1+xCu3-xTi4O12, x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, quadruple perovskite system has been investigated by means of energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, powder X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, dc magnetization in zero-field and field-cooled modes (M(T) curves) and isothermal magnetization against magnetic field (M(H) loop) plots. The stoichiometric samples possess a single-phase crystal structure and coarse-grained microstructure. The cation distributions reveal that substituted Ca2+ ions have a strong preference for Aʹʹ - site. The M(T) curves of pristine composition exhibit reversible thermomagnetic characteristic with classic antiferromagnetic transition at TN ~ 25 K. On Ca2+ substitution, the compositions (x = 0.1 and 0.2) show coexistence of weak ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism for T < TN and soft ferromagnetism and paramagnetism for T » TN, clearly reflected in M(H) loop characteristics. The origin of ferromagnetism lies on Cu–Cu bond distance and partial occupancy of magnetic Cu2+ ion on the B-site of the system.
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