Abstract
Cathodic initiation is proposed as a model of breakdown under vacuum, such a breakdown assumed here to be due to cathode heating and disintegration as a result of a spontaneous thermal emission current with a high density. An emitter is considered here in the shape of a cylindrical or conical stub with the height H and, on the basis of its heat balance, sufficiently simple and convenient-to-use formulas are derived which relate the critical electric field intensity Ek with the thermophysical as well as the geometrical parameters of such an emitter. Known test values of Ek are then used for determining the heights and the maximum temperatures of such stubs at which a stable emitter performance is still possible.
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