Abstract
The cathodic behavior of graphite in KF-AlF3-based melt with various cryolite ratios (CR; molar ratio of KF to AlF3) were investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry, sampled-current voltammetry, and chronopotentiometry. The limiting current of aluminum deposition and critical current density of potassium intercalation on graphite cathode in KF-AlF3-based melt decreased with the increase of CR of the melt. Lowering the CR of KF-AlF3-based melt suppressed the potassium intercalation but enhanced the formation of aluminum carbide. In the KF-AlF3-based melt with CR of 1.0, formation of Al4C3 seriously occurred, which resulted not only from the chemical reaction of aluminum and carbon but also from the electrochemical reduction of carbon under higher overpotential. However, both the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy failed to detect the existence of potassium–graphite intercalation compound and Al4C3 in the resultants after galvanostatic electrolysis.
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