Cathodic and Anodic Protection

Abstract

Abstract The sections in this article are Historical Background Basic Concepts Principles of Cathodic Protection Current and Potential Distribution Potential Measurement Reference Electrodes Cathodic Protection Criteria Potential Criteria Kinetic Criteria Contemporary Trends in Cathodic Protection Criteria Determination of the Corrosion Current Under Cathodic Protection Conditions Direct Current Methods Alternating Current Methods Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Electrical System Cathodic Protection Stations Anodes Platinized Titanium Platinized Niobium and Tantalum Mixed Metal Oxides Conducting Polymers Carbon Backfills Anodes Installation Cathodic Protection and Coatings Cathodic Disbonding Field Testing of Insulation Case Study Sacrificial Anodes Zinc Anodes Magnesium Anodes Aluminum Anodes Backfills Shape and Dimensions of Anodes Installing Anodes Protection from Stray Currents General Characteristics of Stray Currents Sources of Stray Currents Electric Tractions High Voltage Direct Current ( HVDC ) Transmission Lines Cathodic Protection Systems Industrial Equipment Corrosion Caused by Stray Currents Hazard Determination Limiting Hazardous Interaction Preventive Activities Electrochemical Protection Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures Theoretical Principles Protection Criteria Reference Electrodes Anodes Extraction of Chlorides Realkalization of Carbonized Concrete Cathodic Prevention Other Applications of Cathodic Protection Alloy Steels Ships and Vessels Offshore Structures Process Plants Storage Tanks Power and Telecommunication Cables Electrochemical Protection of Water Installations Designing Cathodic Protection Systems Current and Potential Distribution in a Stationary Electric Field Transfer Resistance of a Spherical Anode Objects of Linear Symmetry Finite Difference Method of Electric Field Potential Determination Anodic Protection Theoretical Principles Scope of Application Characteristics of the Method Functioning and Equipment Operating Parameters Electric Systems Potentiostats Cathodes Reference Electrodes Polarization Method Protection Range Case Study Further Development of Electrochemical Protection Recent Developments Future Prospects