Cathepsin D serum and urine concentration in superficial and invasive transitional bladder cancer as determined by surface plasmon resonance imaging.

EWA GORODKIEWICZ,TOMASZ GUSZCZ,ROBERT KOZŁOWSKI,WIESLAWA ROSZKOWSKA-JAKIMIEC

doi:10.3892/ol.2014.2250

Abstract

Determination of cathepsin D (Cat D) concentration in serum and urine may be useful in the diagnosis of bladder cancer. The present study included 54 healthy patients and 68 patients with bladder cancer, confirmed by transurethral resection or cystectomy. Cat D concentration was determined using a surface plasmon resonance imaging biosensor. Cat D concentration in the serum of bladder cancer patients was within the range of 1.3–5.59 ng/ml, while for healthy donors it was within the range of 0.28–0.52 ng/ml. In urine, the Cat D concentration of bladder cancer patients was within the range of 1.35–7.14 ng/ml, while for healthy donors it was within the range of 0.32–0.68 ng/ml. Cat D concentration may represent an efficient tumor marker, as its concentration in the serum and urine of transitional cell carcinoma patients is extremely high when compared with healthy subjects.

Highlights

Cathepsin D (Cat D) is a ubiquitous aspartyl‐family endoproteinase synthesized as a 52‐kDa glycosylated preprotein, which is subsequently converted into an active two‐chained (34 and 14 kDa) enzyme [1]
A significant difference in serum and urine Cat D concentration levels was observed between bladder cancer patients and healthy subjects (Fig. 1)
No significant differences in CREA concentration were identified between bladder cancer patients and healthy subjects

Summary

Introduction

Cathepsin D (Cat D) is a ubiquitous aspartyl‐family endoproteinase synthesized as a 52‐kDa glycosylated preprotein, which is subsequently converted into an active two‐chained (34 and 14 kDa) enzyme [1]. It is distributed in lysosomes where it is involved in protein degradation and generation. It is important for the maintenance of normal cell metabolism [2]. Previous studies have demonstrated that Cat D is involved in tumor progression. A similar association was identified in thyroid [5] and skin [6] cancer

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion