Abstract
The article highlights the basic scientific approaches to understanding the concept of "electoral party", identifies trends in the evolution of understanding of the term and the change of scientific paradigms in its interpretation. The authors conclude that the electoral party is a modern kind of party characterized by blurring the boundaries of the social base, the lack of a clear ideology and professionalization and personalization of its internal structure.The article reveals the historical evolution and formation of modern approaches to the interpretation of the "electoral party", identifies their varieties. The main subtypes of electoral parties include: electoral-professional parties, cartel parties, stratarchies, modern personnel parties, program parties, business firm parties, "big tent".Content analysis of the programs of the parliamentary parties in 2019, namely, "Sluga narodu", OPHZ, "Batkivshyna", "Golos" and "European Solidarity", using the formula of Hee Min Kim and Richard Fording, determined the ideological position of each of them. Authors conclude that most of 2019 parliamentary parties tend to be centrist and don’t have clear ideological position.Thus, it has been found that by most attributes, parliamentary parties in Ukraine can be classified as electoral, because by eroding the social base and trying to get support from the widest possible electoral circle, parliamentary parties lose their ideological attachment. It allows them to get maximum electoral resalt (Sluga narodu? 2019), but is counterproductive in terms of abuse of populism and inability to fulfill all program promises. The most conservative political forces include European Solidarity and the Voice. At the same time, it is the least liberal in terms of the ideological content of the OPZZ.
Highlights
The article highlights the basic scientific approaches to understanding the concept of "electoral party", identifies trends in the evolution of understanding of the term and the change of scientific paradigms in its interpretation
According to the results of the snap parliamentary elections in the national multi-mandate electoral district in 2019, 5 political parties overcame the barrier of 5%, which as a result were elected to the newly elected Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 9th convocation, namely: Political party Sluha Narodu (Servant of the people), OPPOSITIONAL PLATFORM - Za Zhytia (For Life), Political party Vseukrainske obiednannia Bat'kivshchyna (Ukrainian Association Motherland), Political party Yevropeys'ka Solidarnist' (European Solidarity) and Political Party Holos (The Voice)
The content analysis of the election program of the Sluha Narodu and the definition of its ideological articulation and positioning allows us to make certain conclusions: the party is devoid of ideological dominant, since the program presents almost the statements concerning "left" and "right" ideologies, and liberalism prevails conservatism; the election program is poorly articulated, the liberal vector has increased significantly, because of the provisions regarding the independence of the individual from the state, the decreasing influence of the state in the spheres of economy, government and social policy
Summary
The content analysis of the election program of the Sluha Narodu and the definition of its ideological articulation and positioning allows us to make certain conclusions: the party is devoid of ideological dominant, since the program presents almost the statements concerning "left" and "right" ideologies, and liberalism prevails conservatism; the election program is poorly articulated, the liberal vector has increased significantly, because of the provisions regarding the independence of the individual from the state, the decreasing influence of the state in the spheres of economy, government and social policy. Consolidation ", peaceful settlement of the conflict and reintegration of Donbas, Ukraine as a legal democratic state, effective power, policy of economic pragmatism," peace, partnership and security These program No" to tariff of genocide, construction of a social provisions have become the basis for the analysis state, accessible medicine, external policy of of the ideological positioning of OPZZH [5]. The political program of the political party OPZZH can be defined as the most articulated in the direction of the "left" ideological positions, and the number of liberal and conservative slogans is not significantly different in the socio-cultural vector of the party. Content analysis of the political party Bat'kivshchyna in the elections to the Verkhovna Rada in 2019 revealed a large number of socialdemocratic ideas They are referred to the left political ideology and are highlighted in the bloc of a new social doctrine on social welfare development, reduced population taxation and increasing social spending. Ideological articulation and positioning of Bat'kivshchyna (based on the 2019 election program)
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