Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-located protein Ire1 triggers the unfolded protein response against ER-stressing stimuli, which are categorized as ER accumulation of unfolded proteins or membrane lipid-related aberrancy. Here we demonstrate that by using yeast Ire1 mutants, we can distinguish the category to which a stress-inducing stimulus belongs. For instance, ethanol was found to activate Ire1 through both types of cellular damage.
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