Abstract
The present work reviews the catalytic use of layered solid materials for fine chemical syntheses with focus on layered double hydroxides, but including other classes of layered compounds of catalytic relevance.
Highlights
Catalysis is the core method of producing commodity chemicals on the large scale and is getting more and more important in the synthesis of fine chemicals either in preparing intermediates or the final products
Scheme 20 Heck reactions (a) catalyzed by a polyfluorinated palladium complex intercalated into an α-zirconium phosphate matrix, (b) catalyzed by palladium nanoparticles deposited onto a layered potassium α-zirconium phosphate carrier in a fixed-bed continuous-flow system.[91,92] various aromatic aldehydes with hydrogen peroxide.[93]
Layered hybrid materials based on ordered silicoaluminate sheets linked with organic pillars in the interlayer space were synthesized by a one-pot direct hydrothermal process without the need for initial swelling and/or pillaring the layered inorganic precursors.[113]
Summary
Catalysis is the core method of producing commodity chemicals on the large scale and is getting more and more important in the synthesis of fine chemicals either in preparing intermediates or the final products. There are heterogeneous catalysts, which are close to being as active and as selective as their homogeneous counterparts, albeit the selectivity inducing feature may be different This feature is most often related to their intrinsic structure; they may provide a sterically constrained environment inducing various forms of shape selectivities. The solid host may be catalytically active itself, highly selective cascade reactions may occur providing complex molecules as products. In this minireview, we intend to provide examples for the above-mentioned phenomena choosing the class of layered materials of catalytic relevance. We have attempted to collect examples of these materials and their use in fine chemical syntheses
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