Catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis as an efficient route in cleavage of lignin and model compounds

Abstract

Cleavage of aromatic ether bonds through hydrogenolysis is one of the most promising routes for depolymerisation and transformation of lignin into value-added chemicals. Instead of using pressurized hydrogen gas as hydrogen source, some reductive organic molecules, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol as well as formates and formic acid, can serve as hydrogen donor is the process called catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis. This is an emerging and promising research field but there are very few reports. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the works is presented on catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of lignin and lignin model compounds aiming to breakdown the aromatic ethers including α-O-4, β-O-4 and 4-O-5 linkages, with focus on reaction mechanisms. The works are organised regarding to different hydrogen donors used, to gain an in-depth understanding of the special role of various hydrogen donors in this process. Perspectives on current challenges and opportunities of future research to develop catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis as a competitive and unique strategy for lignin valorisation are also provided.